Timolol
| Evidence Level: L5 | Predicted Indications: 50 |
Quick Overview
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Timolol |
| DrugBank ID | DB00373 |
| Brand Names (EU) | Timolol |
| Evidence Level | L5 |
| Predicted Indications | 50 |
| Top Prediction Score | 98.64% |
Approved Indication (EMA)
Reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who are insufficiently responsive to topical beta-blockers or prostaglandin analogues.
Predicted New Indications
TxGNN model predictions for potential drug repurposing:
| Rank | Indication | Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | primary hereditary glaucoma | 98.64% | DL |
| 2 | open-angle glaucoma | 98.16% | DL |
| 3 | closed-angle glaucoma | 97.23% | DL |
| 4 | malignant renovascular hypertension | 94.45% | DL |
| 5 | malignant hypertensive renal disease | 94.45% | DL |
| 6 | pulmonary hypertension with unclear multifactorial mechanism | 93.71% | DL |
| 7 | pulmonary hypertension owing to lung disease and/or hypoxia | 93.71% | DL |
| 8 | hypertensive disorder | 93.65% | DL |
| 9 | Braddock syndrome | 92.57% | DL |
| 10 | chronic pulmonary heart disease | 87.80% | DL |
| 11 | glaucoma 1, open angle | 86.50% | DL |
| 12 | angle-closure glaucoma | 85.50% | DL |
| 13 | congenital glaucoma | 78.88% | DL |
| 14 | aqueous misdirection | 76.72% | DL |
| 15 | traumatic glaucoma | 76.72% | DL |
| 16 | glaucomatous atrophy of optic disc | 74.72% | DL |
| 17 | faciodigitogenital syndrome | 73.75% | DL |
| 18 | neovascular glaucoma | 73.08% | DL |
| 19 | distal myopathy, Tateyama type | 71.79% | DL |
| 20 | trichotillomania | 71.00% | DL |
Showing top 20 of 50 predictions.
About TxGNN Predictions
Prediction Sources
| Source | Description |
|---|---|
| KG | Knowledge Graph - Network topology-based associations |
| DL | Deep Learning - Neural network score prediction |
Evidence Levels
| Level | Definition |
|---|---|
| L1 | Multiple Phase 3 RCTs / Systematic Reviews |
| L2 | Single RCT or multiple Phase 2 trials |
| L3 | Observational studies / Large case series |
| L4 | Preclinical / Mechanistic / Case reports |
| L5 | AI prediction only (current) |
Clinical Validation Needed
Research Use Only: These predictions are computational hypotheses that require clinical validation. They should NOT be used for clinical decision-making.
Next Steps for Validation
- Literature Review: Search PubMed for existing evidence
- Clinical Trial Search: Check ClinicalTrials.gov for ongoing studies
- Mechanistic Analysis: Evaluate biological plausibility
- Preclinical Studies: Conduct in vitro/in vivo validation
- Clinical Trials: Design and conduct human studies
Data Access
- FHIR API:
/fhir/ClinicalUseDefinition/ - CSV Download: All Predictions
- GitHub: yao-care/EuTxGNN
Citation
If using this data, please cite:
@article{huang2023txgnn,
title={A foundation model for clinician-centered drug repurposing},
author={Huang, Kexin and others},
journal={Nature Medicine},
year={2023},
doi={10.1038/s41591-023-02233-x}
}
Disclaimer: This report is for research purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Drug repurposing predictions require rigorous clinical validation before any therapeutic application.